Corporate headquarters present unique challenges and opportunities in property valuation discussions with tax assessors. Managing taxes on any real estate property requires an understanding of all three traditional approaches to value, but headquarters are unusual in that good data are hard to find. This article highlights common sticking points in value discussions for this unique property set. A collaborative discussion between an advisor and property owner on these few areas can lead to a successful tax reduction. Cost considerations A headquarters defines an enterprise, but many of its defining improvements lack value to potential buyers. Especially with newly constructed or renovated projects, or when lacking comparable data, the assessor will often rely heavily on the cost approach to estimate market value. This can result in a high valuation with room for fruitful discussion about ways to support a value decrease. Under the cost approach, an assessor using reproduction cost will frequently understate depreciation and obsolescence. It is important to also review treatment of the economic age-life method, which is often misapplied. The effective age, rather than the actual age, must be measured against the life expectancy of improvements. Deferred maintenance also requires deductions. Good appraisal practice mandates that short-lived items …
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IRVINE, CALIF. — Recovery of the national office sector has failed to gain traction as completions outpaced net absorption for the fifth consecutive quarter, according to the latest U.S. Office Market Outlook report by Ten-X Commercial. “While the national market shows an office segment that is struggling, a closer look at various local markets shows several different reasons underlying this general malaise,” says Peter Muoio, chief economist for Irvine, Calif.-based Ten-X. “Strong markets with fast-growing economies saw significant development and are now grappling with increased supply, while weak markets continue to languish due to their struggling local economies.” Shrinking office space requirements for employees is at the core of market pricing softness, according to Ten-X. Employers are fitting more workers into open floor plans, enabling more employees to work remotely. Cloud computing reduces the need to spend physical space on filing cabinets and servers. These trends have caused the strong correlation between rising employment figures and the strength of the office market to weaken. “In most markets, technological innovation is an additional factor that acts as a headwind for the office sector,” adds Muoio. Top buy/sell markets Naturally, some markets are more promising than others. The top five markets in …
The U.S. economy not only remains on a positive trajectory, but it is also experiencing accelerated job growth in industries such as construction, transportation and warehousing, as well as professional services, says Ryan Tharp, director of research at Houston-based Transwestern. “There is still significant runway left for the U.S. economy,” he says, pointing out that the economic data suggests positive and robust growth for the next 12 to 18 months. At this stage of the economic expansion, the office, industrial, retail, healthcare and multifamily markets remain quite healthy across most of the country, adds Tharp. Tharp’s comments follow the release of the latest nonfarm payroll employment data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), which shows the U.S. economy added 157,000 jobs in July with hiring broad-based. While that figure fell shy of economists’ prediction of 190,000 jobs, July marks the 94th consecutive month of employment gains. Spencer Levy, head of research for the Americas and senior economic advisor for Los Angeles-based CBRE, echoes Tharp’s sentiment. “The economy is moving forward better and more diversely than expected with the continued strength in healthcare and business services now enhanced by construction, manufacturing and yes, retail,” says Spencer. “Despite the Toys ‘R’ …
The average monthly rent for multifamily communities in the United States rose $3 to an all-time high of $1,409 in July, according to a recent report by Yardi Matrix. The increase is thanks in part to strong second-quarter economic growth and healthy demand. Year-over-year, rents are up 2.8 percent. Yardi is a California-based software company serving the commercial real estate industry. The company’s Yardi Matrix data branch researches and compiles data through a combination of original research studies and references to secondary sources. Numbers are representative of 127 U.S. markets, though the 30 largest metros are highlighted specifically. Average rents have risen $41, or 3 percent, year-to-date. This is in line with growth figures during the same period in recent years. This statistic is encouraging, according to Yardi, because it exemplifies the fact that the expansion of multifamily has not run out of steam, despite headwinds of increased supply and affordability issues. Rent increases are healthy across the board, led by growing secondary markets. At the top of the list is Orlando, which saw year-over-year rent increase of 6.9 percent, followed by Las Vegas, which saw a growth of 5.8 percent. On the West Coast, the Inland Empire saw an increase …
Senior Housing Occupancy Hits Eight-Year Low as New Supply Continues to Outpace Demand
by David Cohen
ANNAPOLIS, Md. — Average occupancy for seniors housing properties throughout the United States has fallen to 87.9 percent in the second quarter of 2018, according to the National Investment Center for Seniors Housing & Care (NIC). The rate is the lowest since first-quarter 2010, when it hit 86.9 percent. Assisted living occupancy, already at record lows, also fell further to 85.2 percent. The industry-wide occupancy slide represents a 40 basis-point drop over the previous quarter, an 80 basis-point drop over the year prior, and a 230 basis-point drop from its recent high of 90.2 percent in fourth-quarter 2014. NIC, an Annapolis-based, nonprofit data and analytics firm serving the seniors housing industry, tracks occupancy data using the top 31 primary metropolitan U.S. markets. Transaction data is representative of all U.S. seniors housing property transactions of $2.5 million and above. The silver lining of the low occupancy numbers, according to NIC’s data, is that absorption and rent growth are still positive — 2.4 percent and 2.7 percent, respectively. However, inventory growth was 3.3 percent in the quarter, meaning supply continues to outpace the demand. “The occupancy rate for assisted living was the lowest since NIC began to report the data in late …
The industrial real estate sector across the Northeast continues to exhibit strong rent growth due to a number of factors: increased tenant demand, decreased supply and the ever-growing presence of e-commerce companies. In the five largest metro areas, rent growth over the 12-month period that ended June 4 averaged 6.2 percent, according to CoStar Group. The vacancy rates in those same markets were all at or below 6 percent as of June 4. The Northern New Jersey industrial market led the way with rent growth climbing 8.2 percent over the 12-month period, followed by New York (+7 percent), Boston (+ 6.3 percent), Philadelphia (+ 5.3 percent), and Pittsburgh (+ 4.6 percent). In each case, the spike in rent was more than double the historical average. “Supply is really struggling to keep pace with demand,” says Alex Previdi, managing director of Transwestern’s New Jersey office. “There’s an abundance of large tenants that are looking for industrial space and there’s just not a lot of options out there.” On the demand side, the New York market led the way with a 12-month net absorption of 7.6 million square feet, followed by Philadelphia (6.6 million square feet), New Jersey (3.4 million) square feet, …
Retail financing, both debt and equity, has become a challenge for many owners, developers and investors throughout the U.S. based on negative press about retail, a perception that the internet will take down many tenants and the weak financial condition of a number of large retailers. Though capital markets are strong, many property owners and investors are finding it difficult to identify lenders willing to provide the type of financing they need for their retail developments, acquisitions and redevelopments. Some lenders are not providing enough money. In other cases, borrowers are finding that the cost of capital is not feasible. Often, lenders and investors aren’t saying no —they are simply offering capital at too high a rate. This squeeze could not come at a more pivotal moment for retail investors. The fact is, now is a very good time to invest in retail. With so many players exiting the market, an overcorrection is underway. This creates a huge opportunity for others to invest in retail, which can be a great value if you find the right deal at the right basis. So why is retail harder to finance? Because of the herd mentality, the majority of investors and lenders are …
With a strong commercial real estate market nationwide, many originators are under increased pressure to say “yes” to financing terms and conditions that they would shy away from in a less competitive lending environment. “I don’t see the frenzy dying down anytime soon, with at least one to two more years of fairly intense competition,” says Tim Madigan, a commercial loan originator for Alliant Credit Union. With more than 15 years of experience as an underwriter before moving to loan originations, Madigan has first-hand knowledge of the commercial real estate lending market, as well as its fluctuations. “At Alliant, we’re doing our best to maintain discipline, but we are seeing a lot of aggressive terms, which I’m afraid will have unintended consequences for borrowers who jump at the shiniest offer,” Madigan says. “For example, borrowers may get re-traded, which means the financial package’s initial terms may change after the originator’s due diligence, resulting in borrowers getting burned if they’ve already committed to a transaction based on the initial financing terms.” Watch Out for Terms/Pricing Outliers Terms and pricing for any given financing package should be fairly similar – or at least within a range – for the property type, location …
Appraisal districts across Texas often use the cost approach to determine market value for property tax purposes. When valuing certain commercial properties via the cost approach, county appraisers frequently use cost-estimating services. These services enable appraisers to estimate the cost of the subject property’s improvements as if they were new, as well as determine the depreciation to apply to the subject. Cost estimators can be a great resource and valuation tool, but the appraiser is likely to reach an incorrect value conclusion using estimates from one of these services without also incorporating proper analysis of functional obsolescence. Functional obsolescence is one of the three types of depreciation that measures a building’s function and utility against current market standards. Given this, placing all weight on a service’s depreciation estimates could lead to incorrect assessments that ignore functional obsolescence within the property’s total depreciation. The trouble with tables Cost-estimating services typically provide depreciation tables that contain data for multiple commercial property types. County appraisers often cite these tables as their main source of depreciation support when using the cost approach. It is important to know that these tables typically assume that all components of the improvements for the various property types depreciate …
For Kyle Bach, CEO of The Annex Group LLC, there’s an affordable housing crisis taking place in large university towns. After extensive research in Bloomington, Indiana, and other similar towns, Bach found that over the past decade or so virtually all new multifamily product added to the market has been either student or luxury housing. This has priced out the workforce or affordable housing residents in those communities, he says. About a year-and-a-half ago, Bach’s Indianapolis-based firm reconfigured its development focus in effort to fill this need by providing affordable housing for the university workforce or married students. In Bloomington, The Annex Group is in the midst of securing final approvals for Union at Crescent, a 146-unit affordable housing development about two miles from Indiana University. The $18 million project has received tax credits from the Indiana Housing Community Development Authority. The project will also be financed with Section 42 of the low-income housing tax credits program (LIHTC). With this type of financing, law regulates that full-time students are not allowed to live in the development unless they are married and their spouse’s income qualifies. The Annex Group hopes to break ground in the fourth quarter of this year with …